If wave loses energy due to friction while traveling v, f. Indeed, an alternative title for this course might be something like introduction to mathematical physics with applications to wave phenomena. The speed of the wave is given by v c k, equivalent to c f. Solve problems involving mass, length, tension, and wave velocity wave velocity for transverse waves. Even more important, though only touched on in this book, is the wave phenomenon of quantum mechanics, built into the fabric of our space and time. May cover material you are not responsible for but which will benefit your general education on the subject matter. The third section describes how the simple systems analyzed in the second section may be extended to waves moving through a medium, such as along a string. Lecture note on oscillations and waves researchgate. The motion in which repeats after a regular interval of time is called periodic motion. The direction of vibration is at right angles to the direction of wave travel. Reviews advanced mathematical techniques where necessary for application. Water waves and sound waves are examples of mechanical waves. In transverse waves the particles of the medium move perpendicular to. Back waves trigonometry realms physics contents index home.
So, while one of the principal goals here is to introduce you to many of the features of waves, an equally if. There are familiar, everyday sorts of waves in water, ropes and springs. Traveling waves waves propagate from one place to another. Examples of timedependent electromagnetic phenomena include highspeed circuits, transmission lines, radar, and optical communications. Lecture note on oscillations and waves masatsugu suzuki and itsuko s. A common feature of these examples is that they all can be described by partial differential equations pde. Notes on oscillations and mechanical waves periodic motion. The vector r denotes the location in space where the.
A unified treatment of general wave phenomena and applications in physics, mechanics, engineering, and applied mathematics. There are less visible but equally pervasive sound waves and electromagnetic waves. Hecht, optics 4th edition highly recommended lecture. Introduction to waves a bit of gossip starting in washington reaches new york very quickly, even though not a single individual who takes part in spreading it travels between these two cities.
This book is based on an undergraduate course taught at the iaspark city mathematics institute utah on linear and nonlinear waves. The energyintensity carried by waves is proportional to the square of whatever waves at least for linear waves. The basic concepts discussed in this introductory package may be applied to all waves including the three shown below. Longitudinal waves have vibrations in the same direction as that in which they are travelling e. Through a combination of class discussion, animations, demonstrations, lab work and an individual activity, students will be introduced to waves and wave interference. Suzuki department of physics, state university of new york at binghamton, binghamton, new york 9026000, u. Waves involve continuous quantities the vary in both space and time. A water wave is an example of a surface wave, which is a combination of transverse and longitudinal wave motions. The purpose of these lecture notes is to give an introduction to various kinds of pde describing waves. Waves and optics regular waves and optics worksheets and solutions wr1b. An introduction to the mathematical theory of waves. The book is targeted at the first year undergraduate science and engineering students.
The waves which do not require medium for their propagation are called non mechanical or electromagnetic waves. Define, relate and apply the concepts of frequency, wavelength, and wave speed. Introduction to the physics of classical and quantum waves for students who have had at least one year of college physics and three semesters of calculus or intensive calculus. Waves on string and spring, waves on water surface, sound waves, seismic waves. In physics, mathematics, and related fields, a wave is a disturbance change from equilibrium. Although a somewhat nonintuitive mathematical abstraction a partial di. Lecture notes vibrations and waves an introduction to. The physics of waves version date february 15, 2015. Defines the general properties of linear and nonlinear wave phenomena and illustrates the physical context in which the wave phenomena arise.
Fluid velocity in a shallowwater wave moving to the right. A wave is a transfer of energy through a medium from one point to another. In this diagram the water particles move up and down but the. Introduction to wave phenomena akira hirose, karl erik.
The first part of the text overviews the concept of a wave, describes onedimensional waves using functions of two variables, provides an introduction to partial differential equations, and discusses computeraided visualization techniques. An understanding of waves is crucial for all these phenomena and much more. We will start with periodic motion for the rst two lectures, with our speci c examples being the motion of a mass attached to the end of a spring, and the pendulum. Not guaranteed to cover all the material you are responsible for on the homework or exams. The study of waves is, perhaps, truly the central subject of physics. General introduction, revision of partial differentiation, odes, and fourier series 2. Topics include linear and nonlinear oscillators, resonance, coupled. A physics revision video introducing the concepts of waves. To study the properties of electromagnetic fields and waves. The system returns to equilibrium without oscillating. There are two quite different motions involved, that of the rumor. Sawtooth wave square wave sine wave waves are typically disturbances in some medium. Waves and oscillations veer surendra sai university of. Waves to understand a laser beam, we need to know how electric and magnetic fields change with time.
For the most part, in this section of zona land we will be discussing mechanical waves. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Simple harmonic motion is introduced and described in mathematical terms. There are a great variety of possible plasma waves modes, since the wave phase velocity depends on both the wave frequency and its angle of propaga tion with. Waves tend to be spread out in space or in the medium. Larger values of the damping the return to equilibrium slower. Remaining equations give wave equation for sound waves. Learn introduction to physics waves with free interactive flashcards. Introduction waves occur in almost all branches of science. The periodic motion in which there is existence of a restoring force and the body moves along the same path to and fro about a definite point called equilibrium positionmean position, is. Mfmcgrawphy 2425 chap 15haoscillationsrevised 102012 46 overdamped. From source to detector sound from an instrument to ear cell phone to cell tower and vice versa em waves water waves a disturbance in the water moves outward. Notes on oscillations and mechanical waves the topics for the second part of our physics class this quarter will be oscillations and waves.
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